Forklift Load Stability and Capacity
A Forklift Capacity Plate Does Not Cover Every Load
A forklift's marked capacity applies only under the conditions stated on its data plate. A longer load, an off-centre centre of gravity, an unapproved attachment or a load carried too far forward can reduce the truck's safe capacity even when the stated weight appears acceptable. Stability also changes as the load is raised, tilted or moved across uneven ground. Before lifting, the operator must understand the load, the truck and the route as one system. If the weight, load centre or stability cannot be confirmed, do not test the answer by lifting.
Controls to confirm
- Use only a trained and authorised operator. Complete the pre-use inspection, confirm the truck and any attachment are suitable for the task, and make sure the data plate is legible and reflects the truck's actual configuration.
- Confirm the load's weight, size, centre of gravity and condition before pickup. Keep it within the rated capacity at the stated load centre, space the forks correctly, insert them fully where practicable and secure any loose or unstable material.
- Lift and tilt smoothly, using only the height and back tilt needed to stabilise the load. Travel with the load low, maintain a clear view and safe route, separate pedestrians, and stop immediately if the load shifts or the truck feels unstable.
Today’s action
Before the next forklift lift, compare the actual load and attachment with the data plate, confirm the load centre and stability, and stop until any unknown weight or configuration is resolved.
Source guidance
OSHA — Powered Industrial Trucks eTool: load composition, capacity and centre of gravity
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